Navigating Adversity: Santiago’s Entrepreneurial Leadership in The Old Man and the Sea

Authors

  • Rachid Benfares English Department, University of Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34301/alsc.v7i1.44

Keywords:

Literature, Entrepreneurship, Comparative Literature, Criticism, Teaching English literature, Literary Interpretation

Abstract

Literature, traditionally viewed as a medium of cultural and historical expression, offers invaluable insights into business and entrepreneurship. The study of great literature broadens our minds and imaginations – essential qualities for leaders who face daily challenges that require agility and diverse skills. This article describes how literary works can enhance an entrepreneur’s awareness of organisational dynamics, leadership and ethical issues. People in books and literature are no different from people in real life. They all have joys and sorrows, dreams and frustrations, ambitions and conflicts. By analysing and understanding the motivations and reactions of the characters in books, entrepreneurs can better understand the motivations and reactions of their employees, stakeholders and even customers. In fact, they will be apt to devise effective strategies for addressing challenges and preparing for the future. Using Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea as an inspirational metaphor, this article focuses on how passion, purpose, perseverance and determination reflect an entrepreneur’s journey and shape the modern business landscape.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Armstrong, Gary, and Philip Kotler. Marketing: An Introduction. 12. ed., Global ed. Always Learning. Boston: Pearson, 2015.

Atrill, Peter. Financial Management for Decision Makers. Ninth edition. Harlow, England ; New York: Pearson, 2020.

Aulet, Bill. Disciplined Entrepreneurship: 24 Steps to a Successful Startup. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley, 2013.

Baraldi, Enrico, Simone Guercini, Marcus Lindahl, and Andrea Perna, eds. Passion and Entrepreneurship: Contemporary Perspectives and New Avenues for Research. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020.

Bennett, Andrew, and Nicholas Royle. An Introduction to Literature, Criticism and Theory. 3rd ed., [Nachdr.], Pearson Longman, 2006.

Blau, Sheridan D. The Literature Workshop: Teaching Texts and Their Readers. Heinemann, 2003.

Bloom, Harold. How to Read and Why, 2001.

Borodzicz, Edward P. Risk, Crisis and Security Management. West Sussex, England ; Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley & Sons, 2005.

Coleman, John, Daniel Gulati, and W. Oliver Segovia. Passion & Purpose: Stories from the Best and Brightest Young Business Leaders. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business Review Press, 2012.

Drucker, Peter F. Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles. Reprint. New York, NY: HarperBusiness, 2006.

Fuss, Diana, and William A. Gleason, editors. The Pocket Instructor, Literature: 101 Exercises for the College Classroom. Princeton University Press, 2016.

Grant, Robert M. Contemporary Strategy Analysis. 7th ed, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.

Green, Keith, and Jill LeBihan. Critical Theory and Practice: A Coursebook. Routledge, 1996.

Greenblatt, Stephen, and M. H. Abrams, eds. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 9th edition. New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 2012.

Guerin, Wilfred L., editor. A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature. 6th ed, Oxford University Press, 2011.

Hemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea. Pharos Books Pvt. Ltd.. Kindle Edition.

Hopkin, Paul, and Clive Thompson. Fundamentals of Risk Management: Understanding, Evaluating and Implementing Effective Enterprise Risk Management. Sixth Edition. London ; New York: Kogan Page, 2022.

Key, Stephen, and Colleen Sell. One Simple Idea for Startups and Entrepreneurs: Live Your Dreams and Create Your Own Profitable Company. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2013.

Leitch, Vincent B., editor. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. 1st ed, Norton, 2001.

Levine, Robert S., ed. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ninth edition. New York, NY London: W.W. Norton & Company, 2017.

Marshall, Brenda K. Teaching the Postmodern: Fiction and Theory. Routledge, 1992.

McIntosh, Colin, and Cambridge University Press, editors. Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: With CD-ROM. Fourth edition, Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Montgomery, Martin, editor. Ways of Reading: Advanced Reading Skills for Students of English Literature. 4th ed, Routledge, 2013.

Pope, Rob. Studying English Literature and Language: An Introduction and Companion. 3rd ed, Routledge, 2012.

Porter, Michael E. On Competition. Harvard Business Press, 2008.

Ramsden, Paul. Learning to Teach in Higher Education. 2nd ed, RoutledgeFalmer, 2003.

Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. 1st ed. New York: Crown Business, 2011.

Rogers, Pat, editor. An Outline of English Literature. 2nd ed, Oxford University Press, 1998.

SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd (Thousand Oaks, California), ed. Basics of Entrepreneurship. Sage Back to Basics. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd, 2021.

Scrivener, Jim. Learning Teaching: The Essential Guide to English Language Teaching. 3. ed, Hueber, 2011.

Showalter, Elaine. Teaching Literature. Blackwell Pub, 2003.

Sinek, Simon. Start with Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action. London: Portfolio Penguin, 2011.

Smith, Michael William, and Jeffrey D. Wilhelm. Fresh Takes on Teaching Literary Elements: How to Teach What Really Matters about Character, Setting, Point of View, and Theme. Scholastic, 2010.

Stallknecht, Newton P., and Horst Frenz. Comparative Literature: Method and Perspective. Literary Licensing, 2012.

Downloads

Published

2024-06-30

How to Cite

Benfares, R. (2024). Navigating Adversity: Santiago’s Entrepreneurial Leadership in The Old Man and the Sea. The International Journal of Applied Language Studies and Culture, 7(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.34301/alsc.v7i1.44